landscape

  31. There has been a lot of discussion on why moths are attracted to light. The consensus seems to hold that moths are not so much attracted to lights as they are ________________ by them. The light becomes a sensory overload that disorients the insects and sends them into a holding pattern. A hypothesis called the Mach band theory suggests that moths see a dark area around a light source and head for it to escape the light. Another theory suggests that moths perceive the light coming from a source as a diffuse halo with a dark spot in the center. The moths, attempting to escape the light, fly toward that imagined "portal," bringing them closer to the source. As they approach the light, their reference point changes and they circle the light hopelessly trying to reach the portal. Everyone is familiar with moths circling their porch lights. Their flight appears to have no purpose, but they are, it is believed, trying to escape the pull of the light. *moth: 나방 ** consensus: 합...

  30. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 We all like to think of ourselves as rational actors, careful and considered in our thinking, capable of sound and reliable judgments. We might believe that we generally consider different points of view and make (1)informed decisions. We are, in fact, "predictably irrational," as psychologist Dan Ariely titled his book on the topic. All of us engage in automatic, reflexive thinking, typically taking the (2)easier path and conserving mental effort. Although we each may have the subjective impression that we are careful thinkers, we often make snap judgments or no real judgments at all. In addition, numerous biases inhibit or override reflective, deliberative thought; intuitive theories can also interfere with (3)acceptance of accurate scientific explanations. Understanding more about how our minds work and how biases may operate can make us each (4)less subject to fallacious reasoning, more rational, and more aware of the problems in ot...

  29. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? Victorian England is characterised by the full development of the Industrial Revolution. England became the first industrial nation in the world and, by 1850, the first nation to have more people (1)employed in industry than in agriculture. Expanding trade coincided with the growth of the Empire and brought great wealth to Britain, but this wealth was not (2)evenly distributed. Many enterprising individuals (the 'self-made men') rose from humble origins to positions of wealth and influence, but large sections of the working class (3)were forced into the overcrowded slums of large cities where they worked long hours for low wages in unhealthy conditions. The manufacturing towns of the north of England provided some of the worst examples and (4)inspired such socially conscious novels as Kingsley's Alton Locke, Gaskell's Mary Barton, and Dickens's Hard Times. In the south there was London, already the largest city in the world, showing...

  🅓 D decide on – We decided on Paris for our honeymoon. → 우리는 신혼여행지로 파리를 선택했다. decision-making – Good decision-making is essential for a manager. → 훌륭한 의사 결정 능력은 관리자에게 필수적이다. dig up – They dug up the backyard to plant new trees. → 그들은 새 나무를 심기 위해 뒷마당을 팠다. dispense with – We can dispense with formalities and get straight to the point. → 형식적인 절차는 생략하고 바로 본론으로 들어가자. dispose of – Please dispose of waste properly in the bins provided. → 제공된 쓰레기통에 쓰레기를 올바르게 버리세요. do one’s best – She always does her best in everything she does. → 그녀는 항상 모든 일에 최선을 다한다. do up – Let me do up your buttons for you. → 내가 네 단추를 잠가줄게. draw a blank – I tried to remember his name but drew a blank. → 그의 이름이 생각나지 않았다. 🅔 E enter into – The two companies entered into a partnership last year. → 두 회사는 지난해 협력 관계를 맺었다. exert oneself to – He exerted himself to complete the project on time. → 그는 프로젝트를 제시간에 끝내기 위해 최선을 다했다. 🅕 F fall back on – When in trouble, he always falls back on his ...

(all) to pieces – The vase fell and broke all to pieces. → 꽃병이 떨어져 산산이 부서졌다. abandon oneself to – He abandoned himself to despair after the loss. → 그는 상실 후 절망에 빠졌다. 🔹 기본 의미: 감정에 자신을 내맡기다 He abandoned himself to despair after losing his job. → 그는 직장을 잃은 후 절망에 빠졌다. She abandoned herself to grief when her mother passed away. → 어머니가 돌아가셨을 때 그녀는 슬픔에 잠겼다. The artist abandoned himself to inspiration , painting for hours without rest. → 그 예술가는 영감에 자신을 내맡기고 몇 시간 동안 쉬지 않고 그림을 그렸다. 🔹 긍정적인 몰입·열정의 의미 They abandoned themselves to the joy of dancing all night. → 그들은 밤새 춤추는 즐거움에 자신을 내맡겼다. She abandoned herself to her studies in preparation for the exam. → 그녀는 시험 준비를 위해 공부에 몰두했다. He abandoned himself to his passion for music and became a composer. → 그는 음악에 대한 열정을 따라 작곡가가 되었다. 🔹 문학적·묘사적 표현 The lovers abandoned themselves to the moment , forgetting the world around them. → 연인들은 그 순간에 자신을 맡기고 세상의 모든 것을 잊었다. The crowd abandoned itself to madness as the final go...

vice – Greed is considered a serious vice in many cultures. → 탐욕은 많은 문화에서 심각한 악덕으로 여겨진다. view – The mountain view from the window is breathtaking. → 창문에서 보이는 산의 경치는 숨이 막힐 정도로 아름답다. viewing – The art gallery is open for public viewing this weekend. → 이번 주말에는 미술관이 일반 관람에 개방된다. violence – The government is taking steps to reduce domestic violence. → 정부는 가정 폭력을 줄이기 위한 조치를 취하고 있다. violent – The movie was too violent for young children. → 그 영화는 어린이들이 보기엔 너무 폭력적이었다. virtue – Patience is regarded as a great virtue. → 인내는 훌륭한 덕목으로 여겨진다. virtuous – She lived a simple and virtuous life. → 그녀는 검소하고 덕이 있는 삶을 살았다. visual – The presentation included many visual elements. → 그 발표에는 많은 시각적 요소가 포함되어 있었다. visualize – Try to visualize your goals as if they have already been achieved. → 마치 목표를 이미 이룬 것처럼 마음속에 그려보세요. volcanic – The island was formed by volcanic activity millions of years ago. → 그 섬은 수백만 년 전 화산 활동으로 형성되었다. volcano – The volcano erupted for the first time in decad...

tolerable – The heat was tolerable thanks to the cool breeze. → 시원한 바람 덕분에 더위는 견딜 만했다. tolerance – Mutual tolerance is essential for peaceful coexistence. → 평화로운 공존을 위해서는 상호 관용이 필수적이다. tolerant – She is very tolerant of people with different opinions. → 그녀는 다른 의견을 가진 사람들에게 매우 관대하다. tolerate – I can’t tolerate such rude behavior. → 나는 그런 무례한 행동을 참을 수 없다. tomb – The ancient tomb was discovered near the riverbank. → 고대 무덤이 강가 근처에서 발견되었다. toward – He walked toward the exit without looking back. → 그는 뒤돌아보지 않고 출구 쪽으로 걸어갔다. toxic – The factory released toxic gases into the air. → 공장이 유독 가스를 공기 중으로 배출했다. track – The hunter followed the animal’s track through the forest. → 사냥꾼은 숲 속에서 동물의 발자국을 따라갔다. trade – International trade has increased dramatically in recent years. → 최근 몇 년 사이에 국제 무역이 급격히 증가했다. traffic – The traffic was terrible during rush hour. → 출퇴근 시간에는 교통이 끔찍했다. tragedy – The accident was a terrible tragedy for the whole town. → 그 사고는 마을 전체에 큰 비극이었다. tr...