landscape

  43~45 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. In a small town known for its flourishing academic community, two brothers, James and Daniel Carter, stood out for their exceptional effort and talent. James and (a) his younger brother, Daniel, both applied for the Spark Fellowship. The Spark Fellowship was a highly respected program that selects and supports outstanding students every two years. Unsurprisingly, both brothers advanced to the final round. ------------------------- (B) ------------------------- Without Daniel knowing, James went to the selection committee. (b) He told the committee, "Daniel has always been the more dedicated and talented one. He will excel in this program like no one else." Meanwhile, Daniel had the same idea as his older brother. He believed that his brother was the more ideal and deserving candidate. (c) He also decided to visit and speak to the committee. ------------------------- (C) ------------------------- However, the program had a strict rule: only one fami...

  41~42 다음을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오 Translating a literary text is challenging, and it's often said there will be an inevitable loss in translation. But that challenge frequently inspires creative re-renderings that offer the prospect of a (a) gain in translation as well. A washing machine manual doesn't present the same challenges, nor therefore does it inspire the (b) same creativity either. But where, in terms of the opposition between literary and nonliterary language, might we position philosophy's language? Might philosophy want to avoid a translatory economy that aims for a gain in translation but risks a loss? Philosophy wishes to convey its truths intact, without loss and without gain either, or at least it might (c) hesitate to offer its truths to translation without further clarification of what a gain, and indeed a gain in depth, actually means. It cannot be a matter of offsetting "stylistic losses." The loss philosophy fears is a loss of meaning, the compromisin...

This session featured Dr. Ji-yoon Kim, Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Social Sciences, Sogang University, and host of the YouTube channel Kim Ji-yoon’s Knowledge Play (with over 1.2 million subscribers), who delivered a presentation on the topic “Shifts in U.S. Foreign Policy and Their Impact on Northeast Asia.” She emphasized that the end of the liberal international order and the emergence of a multipolar system signal a paradigm shift in the global order, and analyzed how changes in contemporary international politics, diplomacy, and security affect both nations and corporations. In particular, she examined the political and economic implications of the evolving world order through the lens of U.S. imperialistic tendencies and the foreign policy direction of the Trump administration, and focused on exploring the response strategies of European and Asian allies to changes in U.S. foreign and security policy, as well as the necessity and sustainability of trilateral coo...

  40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? It may be assumed that meta algorithmics, that is, the creation of algorithms that generate other algorithms, is a human creation as well. A human programmer must have composed the first algorithm that, in turn, generates new algorithms and as such the initial programmer must be in control of the original idea. However, this is not necessarily true. Unlike humanly conceived ideas, where the author is the intellectual owner of the idea, algorithms are processes that define, describe, and implement a series of actions that in turn produce other actions. During the transfer of actions it is possible for a discrepancy to occur between the original intention and the actual result. If that happens then, by definition, the author of the algorithm is not in control of, and therefore does not own intellectually from that point on, the resulting process. Theoretically, ownership of an idea is intrinsically connected to the predi...

32. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. In one of the most famous passages of Being and Nothingness, "The Look," Jean Paul Sartre describes the peculiar vulnerability that develops when someone goes from seeing (being a self with a perspective on the world) to being seen (having to confront the perspective of another on one's self). He illustrates it with the example of someone looking through a keyhole who suddenly finds himself caught by someone watching him. The look of the other is always unnerving. Sartre argues, not only because we momentarily recognize ourselves in it through our imagination of their judgment of us but also because we don't. We can always step back, challenge our perception of others' perceptions of ourselves, or explain them away but we don't know what these perceptions really are. Others have the distinctive power of making us feel judged in ways we cannot fully control. Social life is all about the fear that accompanies our awareness that ...

  31. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. Life is insecure and human well-being is fragile. If we are hongst with ourselves, we realize that, despite our best efforts, we often cannot control the vicissitudes of human existence. We go through life in fear and trembling, fearing what may happen, while hoping for the best. Most of us get anxious in the face of an indeterminate or ambiguous situation. We don't handle uncertainty very well. We are easily tempted to settle for quick "solutions," in order to eliminate our anxiety and doubt, even though these quick fixes may not, in the long run, actually be adequate solutions. It is natural, therefore, and even somewhat necessary, for us to seek ______________ in a sea of change and indeterminacy. We want a fixed star to guide us on our journey through hazardous waters. If only we could have knowledge of what is fixed, unchanging, and ultimately reliable, then, we assume, that would be knowledge most worth having. * vicissitude: 우여곡절...

  39. 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오. The rest of the time, even as individuals are trying their best to think through issues, motivational goals may bias their thought processes and bias their reasoning. Everyone likes to think of themselves as behaving in an unbiased fashion most of the time. We all view ourselves similar to the blindfolded statue of Lady Justice evaluating competing claims without bias, emotions, or motivations. And yet, overwhelming psychological research suggests that such unbiased rationality is actually a fairly elusive quality in humans. (1) Much of the time people are on automatic pilot. (2) In other words, individuals are acting without reflection more often than they are thinking carefully and deliberately. (3) Ziva Kunda, who coined the term "motivated reasoning" to describe this phenomenon, explained that although individuals try to make well-thought-out decisions, use available evidence, and look at both sides of an issue, the process ...